Doing business in India requires one to pick a type of business company. In India one can choose from five different types of legal entities to conduct business. These include Sole Proprietorship, Partnership Firm, Limited Liability Partnership, Private Limited Company and Public Limited Company. The choice on the business entity is an issue of various factors such as taxation, ownership liabilities, compliance burden, investment options and exit strategy.
Lets look at these things entities in detail
Sole Proprietorship
This is the most easy business entity to establish in India. It doesn’t have its own Permanent Account Number (PAN) and the PAN of the owner (Proprietor) acts as the PAN for the Sole Proprietorship firm. Registrations several government departments are required only on a need basis. For example, when the business provides services and repair tax is applicable, then registration with the service tax department is imperative. Same is true for other indirect taxes like VAT, Excise and. It is not possible to transfer the ownership of a Sole Proprietorship from one individual another. However, assets of those firm may be sold from one person a brand new. Proprietors of sole proprietorship firms infinite business liability. This signifies that owners’ personal assets could be attached to meet business liability claims.
Partnership
A partnership firm in India is governed by The Partnership Act, 1932. Two or more persons can form a Partnership prone to maximum of 20 partners. A partnership deed is prepared that details the quantity of capital each partner will contribute towards the partnership. It also details how much profit/loss each partner will share. Working partners of the partnership are also allowed to draw a salary reported by The Indian Partnership Act. A partnership is also permitted to purchase assets in its name. However web-sites such assets always be partners of the firm. A partnership may/may not be dissolved in case of death of any partner. The partnership doesn’t really have its own legal standing although an outside Permanent Account Number (PAN) is used on the partnership. Partners of the firm have unlimited business liabilities which means their personal assets can be attached to meet business liability claims of the partnership firm. Also losses incurred as being a result act of negligence of one partner is liable for payment from every partner of the partnership firm.
A partnership firm may or might not be registered with Registrar of Firms (ROF). Registration provides some legal protection to partners in case they have differences between them. Until a partnership deed is registered making use of ROF, it is probably not treated as legal document. However, this won’t prevent either the Partnership firm from suing someone or someone suing the partnership firm in a court of statute.
Limited Liability Partnership
Limited Liability Partnership (LLP) firm is often a new involving business entity established by an Act of the Parliament. LLP allows members to retain flexibility of ownership (similar to Partnership Firm) but provides a liability policy cover. The maximum liability of each partner a great LLP is limited to the extent of his/her purchase of the set. An LLP has its own Permanent Account Number (PAN) and legal status. LLP also provides protection to partners for illegal or unauthorized actions taken by other partners of the LLP. A private or Public Limited Company as well as Partnership Firms might be converted to a Limited Liability Partnership.
Private Limited Company
A Private Limited Company in India is much like a C-Corporation in u . s. Private Limited Company allows its owners a subscription to company shares. On subscribing to shares, the owners (members) become shareholders of the company. A personal Limited Company is a separate legal entity both must taxation and also liability. The private liability within the shareholders is restricted to their share monetary. A private limited company could be formed by registering business name with appropriate Registrar of Companies (ROC). Draft of Memorandum of Association and Piece of Association are positioned and signed by the promoters (initial shareholders) for this company. Of those ingredients then published to the Registrar along with applicable registration fees. Such company get a between 2 to 50 members. To tend the day-to-day activities of the company, Directors are appointed by the Shareholders. An exclusive Company has more compliance burden if compared to the a Partnership and LLP. For example, the Board of Directors must meet every quarter and you ought to annual general meeting of Shareholders and Directors should be called. Accounts of business must get ready in accordance with Income tax Act as well as Companies Undertaking. Also Companies are taxed twice if earnings are to be distributed to Shareholders. Closing a Private Limited Company in India is a tedious process and requires many formalities to be completed.
One good side, Shareholders of such a Company are able to turn without affecting the operational or legal standing of the company. Generally Venture Capital investors prefer to invest in businesses are usually Private Companies since it allows great amount separation between ownership and processes.
Public Limited Company
Public Limited Company is related to a Private Company utilizing difference being that associated with shareholders of a typical Public Limited Company can be unlimited having a minimum seven members. A Public Company can be either submitted to a currency markets or remain unlisted. A Listed Public Limited Company allows shareholders of the organization to trade its shares freely on the stock alternate. Such a company requires more public disclosures and compliance from federal government including appointment of independent directors throughout the board, public disclosure of books of accounts, cap of salaries of Directors and Head honcho. As in the case associated with a Private Company, a Public Limited Liability Partnerhsip Registration in India Online Clients are also a separate legal person, its existence is not affected the actual death, retirement or insolvency of its stakeholders.